Ajsigktoe



C. 0. HOOVER. PPRATUS FOR' THEATING MATERIAL CONTAINING CONDENSABLEVGLAULE MTEB.

MPMCATIQN ULEB IULY I4. 1911. l

'Fatened May l. vfuxlHllllixllilllIII l s I l l 4A L: VllllMn C'. G.HGQVHL APPARATUS .POR WEATLNG Mmmm CGNYMNING CONDENSABLE VULATLE MANN. Nman um :4. aan.

APPLICA? mem@ may 2'?,

tlu neffroniT as infzlicfated in Fig'. to provide a ol' slots il)extendingi completely across the coiupaitnients l and through which thetiuid Vtorinino the, vehicle, and which hy pre'llrence is a gaseoushydroearhon is intrmluced as hereinafter deficrihed. lhuch compartment Scontains a filling openingy it through which the muterial to hecarhonized iu the compartments 5% is dumped into these compartments tofill thenn the holten: sui-ture lz oi' the root' lil of the.compartments inclininrq in the suine general dirertion as the plates .Land at such un. angle as to correspond with the, angle ot' repose, ofthe material to he. treated in the oompartnicntee each ot the latteroontainiiui a gas and iupor outlet passage llloeated slightly closer 'tothe extren'ie upper end oi' the compartment than to the lower endthereof. The outlets ,tor the material lrenmining` in the conipertinentstw utter the carin/)inning operatifni is completed are lo' cated in thefront wull 153 oi the oren adjacent. the lower extremity ot the floorsYtorined of the plates Q. 'w

. and 2l, ai; iti, this door heine connected with lever niechanisin li"hinged at 15% and connected with n ruhle il.) ou a drinn 2th adapting'the door lll to he swungl upwardly and 'tothe lett in Fig. 2f, touncover the outlete @lt t'ound desirahlcsy these doors 1G may he inadeot' a height equal to the height of the compartments 8 their leitfhandends, in Fie;

Located in the walls ot the structure. to extend at opposite, sides ofand between the compartments 8 as shown, are tlues 2l and in which fuelis introduced for producingf the heat, neceseary to effect the der Siredcarhonif/:ingg of the material in the coniparrinents in the particulararrange nient illustrirled each ,series ot tlues 2l is made up ot' threegroups of two each, each group roiperatingI with a single one of thefluesrlr! interposed theribetweeai7 and two gri-oups oi" one each, eachof these two last- 'erred io tlues Qt cooperating with a tlue ri Y- ithe, ease, ot the three `ifnoups ot' fines e line" connect with thecooperating :fines ":2 tin-fingir the medium of cross pasH ua; i 23 attheir ,pper ende, and in the case ot the other lines 2l theseconnnunieate wili the upper ends ot the fines 2L), hy

ineans ot the cross passages 34, The lines 2l. 2Q and end upwardlyalongside the emininrtnients th as shown, hut preferahly reaeh' sahortot the tops ot these conv partniente. preterahiy about twelvetoei'ghtare@ preferably supplied to these tlues in *pref heatedcondition, vin the urrungenu-nt. shown a gaswonduit, represented :it 25"eX- tends helow und in vertical a'lineinent with euch ot thecmnpurtinents tl. these conduits incliningr pl'et'erahly in parallelrelation with the hottoni portions ol" the compartnienls 8, andcontainingoutlets, or nostrils, 2li, in their opposite side wallsvwhichopen into the ihres :21r` any suitable tuel gras tiring supplied tothese conduits, as tor example 'troni the source as hereinafterlef-;crihed, through the pipee 27 which open into the, upper ends ofthese conduits. The air tor mixture with the fue-l introduced into thetlues. 2l to support combustion of these gagies therein, is admittedinto these, finer` tlrrough openings, or nostrils, 29, 30 and Bis,communicating with conduits 3Q, 33, 34; and 235. The conduits justreferreiil to coininunieate with the outlets .ot a sectional recuperatorfor heating-fthe air hefore it, passen into the fines Q1, the provisionot the Feveral conduits 33, 34 and 35 serving to permit of the separatecontrol oi? the heat in the combustion fines 52.1. rithe recuperatorreferred to, `there being' Aone provided for each coinimrtnient 8, is ofeonnnon eonetru tion. preseni'ging a vertical Series ot horizontallydisposed conduits7 or pnssag'cs, 3G, for a heatiingmedium as hereinafterdescribed, these conduite being arrangml ,in staggered relation, as.ishown in Fig. i., to afford a series ot passages 37 between adjacentconduits 3G and vertical passages 38 and 39 which ulternate with eachother, and are arranged at opposite SidesT reni'ieelively, ot the,conduits 3G and connect together adjacent ones of the passages 37, thugforming a Zig-- Zag' or tortuous course around these conduits for thepassage lot' air entering the lower inlet. ends oi the recuperatorthrough pipes 4i() and 41 connnunicating with the atmosphere. it heilig'readily understood that dalnper7 or other suitable regulating means, mayhe, provided at. any part, ot the course thus provided i'or the air. inits passage to the [lues 21, to control the combustion in these lines.

The lues 2Q are what might he termed return-titles, and serve to conductthe products of combustion to the coiiduits which coninuinicate with thestack. The lues QL olt the groups thereoi at the extreme lower end otthe oven`r eoinn'iunicate at their lower j ends with lines which openinto the letthand ends ot the next to the top ones ot the tiers ol"conduits 36, the groups of lines which are next to the ones justreferred to, eonununicate with conduits il?) which open into theuppermost ti'er of conduits 3U. these conduits opening' at theirrighihand ends in Fig'. Il into a cross-ehanther fdl` which is also 1ncommunication with the, right hand ends oi the next three tiers ofconduits all el l5 the pipe (35 into the Washer no, the vapors condensedtherein discharging` through the pipe (lo into the seal-pot (323, andthe uii .uleiised gases and vapors discharginf?,` ougli the pipe-Glwinto the .vasher "Il, such ot the vapors as rondense in the pipe G7 andwasher 38. lt is intended that the washers he providedot siu'h iiuniloerthat; the gas dischargingr from the last; one thereotf, which in tlieparticular arrangement illustrated is the washer 7l, shall be lree otall condensahle volatile matterj ivliich iii the passage ot the gasesand vapor through the washer is removed therefrom and collected in thetank 5S tor any suitable treatment lor separatiupn the oils trom 'thewater, and the subsequent treatiiielit ot' the oils as desired,depending' upon the products to be derived from the oils. 'clhe gaswhich discharges throufh the pipe Til is a gaseous hydrocarbonnecessarily ot a lifted nature, and ot such character that it will notcombine chemically with the condensahle, volatile matter evolvedVt'roiii the material being treated to heat in the carbonizing' oven',this gas under the action olf 'the exliauster (32 being.)r caused, hypreference, to enter the passages Q5 `tor supplying to the lines 2l gasVloi combustion tlierein as hereiiibetore stated` and supply Vto thepassages 51 a gaseous h t-'diocarhoii as hereinbet'ore explained, 'toriiassage therefrom into the passages iiiiuiediately thereubove. andthence through the slots lll between adjacent door plates Si, into themass or pieces ot solid niaterial infidergoingw treatment in theeoii'ipartments t'i. lfhe 2 rzisi-miis hydrocarbon is thus introdiuedinto the, compartnients 8 at i11- tervals, alone' the bottoms thereof,and in rising,` through the mass oi material becoiiies suhstantia llyunitorn'ilv distributed throughout` the mass, not only substantiallyuniformly acting` upon the the vapors throughout; the mass ot the solidmaterial, to pertorm the. function ot preventing` cracking oi" thevapors as hereii'ilietore explained, but, also serving, by reasmi oi?its uniform distribution. throughout the mass and the preheat/inelthereof in its passage to the aper.- tured floors ot' theeonipartn'ieiits, to e'V eet substantially uniform dissemination of' theheat: throughout the masses in the eompartients,

l dischargiing:y into the sealpoty werden The Afeature last. abovereferred to, espe eially iii connection with the condition the. llues Q1and reaching short et the upper extremities of the compartments 8, butnot to such a point that; the material being treated will, in shrinkingunder the action of the heat, extend below these fines, is ot importancenot only because thereby a lai-,afer per cent. ot eondensable volatileinatter is ria'overed in liquid condition, but l)e cause the residue ofsolid niaterial in the compartments 8 is in the ioiii'r of asuhstantiallv uniform product which, `when the material being: treatedis ot' a carbonaceous charai'rt'er, as Ytor example, coals, lignite andsimilar substances, is ot' great practical iinportance, as the residuemay be used tor iuel.

When the carbonizing operation is concluded the doors lo of thecompartments 8 are opened which permits the pieces of carbon remainingin these compartments to discharge therefrom into a quenching car (notshown) which, bv preference, is at once rim to the end of the structureinto position under a quenching tovver 'where it is sul)- jeeted to thecooling;- action of Water, and after which the carbon may be transferredto storage bins.

, ln the use of the apparatus illustrated in practising the processhereinbetore referred to, itis desirable that, the mass ot material inthe oven be subjected in its initial treatnient to relatively lowtemperature for driving oli' the more. readily volatilizalole condensable mattei'7 and as the earloonizing operation proceeds heating thematerial in the compartments to progressively increasing temperatures,whereby the volatile matter of varying speeilie gravities, contained inthe n'iaterial being; treated is recovered ltheretrein4 Iii using myapparatus, however, ivith earbonaceous material containing con.-densahle volatile matter, such as coals, lig nite, and other similarsubstances` andV where, it is desired that the tiro-'told purpose oitrecovering the volatile constituents ot' the i'iiaterial and producing'as a fuel by-plediurt',7 tlie residue iii the earbonizino` oven, it ispreferred that the material be heated in the earboiiizing ther-eet', toa degree less than that required for coking it, preiei'ably about 4500t. in the ease ot bituminous coal. Thus treating the carbonaceousmaterial while etieeting the recovery therefrom of the most valuableycoiideiisable Volatile in- ,eiedieutsI thereof, results in theproduction ot" a highl)v desirable `tuel, in that it, is renderedsubstantially smokeless7 has a low `kin vlliiig point and contains arelatively large amount of volatile matter, which would he of themethane series, and which is unrecoverable in a liquid state' from a,"

commercial standpoint according toexisting methods, and this is alsotrue in the case of 'Per tese

met; ee

'the treatment oi lignite, and similar nente-v rials.

l-n the eperativ'iii of the apparatus as here inbefore described, 'itwill be understood that tlieintrodiietion. of :i climi-ge of materiel,to be. treated, into the eenipai'tifnents 8, by leaeen et its relativelygreat liullr, will teinpoz, lily-greatly reduce tlie lieat of diestruetlire, and thus in the iiiaintainiiie; of e unierin flow of foreon'iliuetion in tlie fines, 21 the material to lie treated is eaiised,as it eentinues to absorb lieat, to lie. subjected to prngressivelyincreasing degrees et' heat.

Tlie feature of disposinglr the under-surface l2 et' the roet in. planesubstantially parallel nitli t e plane in wliieli tlie upper siiirfaeeot a mass of the pieces of material to lie treated extends wlien in.repose:7 is et -advantage in a retort in that ereeiiing of tlie massellE material in tlie shrinking 'of tlie mass with tlie olloviouiIdisadvantages, avoided. i

'ilie 'feature et' forming tlie linttuine4 et' tlie eoiiipailineiila 8,an exi'ilained, te provide the epeiiinge l() arranged as 1elioivn ii;oi" advantage asl thereby @legging et i'lieee inletrs lier tlie Huid,lliy pieces et tlie material being treated. avoided.

liililiile l have illiisiirftted and, described a pai'tieular embodimentof my invention, l de not wisili to be understeed an iiitei'idiiigg; teiiini, it thereto as tlie eti-untere `eliewn may lie i'ai'ioieelymodified and altered and the invention enilimlied iii ntliei' terme7without departing' 'treni tlie Spirit ot iiijifinveiitiei'i7 it being myiiitentien to elaini .my invention as fully and eoii'ililetely as; tlieprior late of the art will permit.

J'Vliat li elaini as new and desire to secure. by Letters Patent is:

l. ln apparatini for treatingv solid inalieiial io lient, tlieeoniliinatioii of a elianibei' 'ter receiving tlie material te lietreated :and

mintaiiiing an outlet. means lier limiting the: iiiateiial iii willelianiliei to wilatilize matter tliei'eiu and ilieluding finese.\"r,eiidiii`,e alone," Said elii'iniliei7 a conduit for fluidextending lielew tile liottoiii oi said elia-inner and posiinea.

ti'iiied te lie rnibjeetval to lieat from saidl and iiieziin;communieating ufitli #aid efiiidiiit nt tlie end thereof opposite ite`inlet for leadinev all ot' the Huid entering; `eaid @enduit into thelower Dertien of said eliauiliei' at f'iiileient pointeI along tlielatter, whereby :ill tlie 'fluid entering' said (.ilianilier troni said@enduit isi Caused te travel nulietantiailljf tlie hill leiigtli el?Said conduit betere. diseliarg ing inte Said eliainlier.

2. lin apparatufs fer treating solid inalierial te lieat7 thecoinliiiii'itien nf a eliamber Y,tier receiving the ii'iatei'iiil ti;lie treated and containing an outlet, nfieain` vler heatingtlie materialin Said rliainlier to volatilize i'i'iatter therein and including iluer;extending along seid, cheminer the bottoni et Seid eliainber lieine'inclined and `fornied eonteiniiigg' epeiiinge spared apart, e conduitfeit luid extending@ below tlie bottom et seid chamber and positioned tobe :subjected to .lieat .troni seid tluee and. ineens eeinmiinieatingwith said conduit at tlie end thereof oppsite it@I inlet and with theopenings in the betteln et Seid eliaznlier fer leading fill 0f the fluidentering' @aid conduit-inte the lower portion ot said chamber atdifferent points along its bottoni, wherebj/Y ell tlie -fluid. eintering' seid eliainber troni Said conduit is; caused to travelsubstantially tlie full .length et said. conduit betere discharging intosaid chamber.

3. In apparatus :ter treating; solid material te lient, tieeomliii'nition of a chamber for receiving the inateria to be treated andContaining en outlet, means lfnif heatingl the material in said Chamberte volatilim metter `therein and inelueilinf fines extending; dongn seidchamber, a passiagge for 'Huid extei'idinp,r eieeswiee of saidelianilier 'and opening :into tlie latter, and a eendait 'for' Huidextending; in subiitaiitially tlie saine direction :is said i at z'neend tliereet' epi'ieeite inlet, eoni-Y iniinieating' ivitli said'passage whereby all the Huid entiringx said eliainber from Said conduitcanned to travel subtantially the full length et seid conduit beterediselierg nig into said eliainlier. i

il. in apparatus ter treating solid inaterial te lieat, tlieeemliinatien et a elininlier for receiving tlie material te lie treat/2dand eenifainin an outlet, means iter heating tlie iiiatei'ial iii saideliainlier te vrilntili'fie matter therein and ineludingxliueeextendiiig;- along; sai-l elianibera e passage for fluid extending belowtlie liotteni et Said eliainliier and enen* ing; into the latter atintervals along; Said liettoiiij :ind a @enduit for 'fluid extendingbelow said passage and iii, substantially tl'ie saine direction7 saideonduit eijienin-g at 'ite end lliei'eot eppessite its inlet, into Saidpaeeagm whereby all tl'ie .i'iuid entering; said elianiiier 'troni Saidronduit ie Caused t0 travel eiilistantially tlie full length et Saidconduit betere disel'iargiiig into said elian'i ber.

5, ln agiperatus 'tei' treating :gelid mate-- lial to heen tliecombination of n Sulistantially upright eliitm'ner for receiving tiieniaterial te lie treated. and enntaiiiing an out let near iteK upper endnir-,aneY ter Subject/ing` tlie walls ol sai d eliamlier te heeft@minimising a series of l'liieI extei'iding; along the Wallis et' said(.l'ianilien tlie liotteiii et seid eliaintier et' a, iiliirality oteeetini'ie :.iiraiigi'ed in stepped relation with eneninge betiveentlieii.` relatively overlapping ends at'ni'ding a el: iliiidiiietsalfine' tlie bottom et' said eliamlies, ini-:finge for fluid extendingL"dong zii'id beneath the bottom et' said el'ianil er and. incnn'iinuniee tien with the fluid-inlets .in they letterg and passere@and. below said passage @aid Conduit u :l umulnit for fnd @monding inindium] p0- si'fm lwmalh said passage und commmmt`- ing' :xt the, 0ndthereof opposl its inlet, with szxd passage, smid pussug'u und coudutbeing pwstmwd to bc subjected in the hmm 'from mid Hnos, 11m-@ y all theHuid untel-ing smid www@ muss@ w

